The Ancestral Clause

An Introduction To The Ancestral Clause

The Ancestral language distinguished between three distinct categories of clause:

  • The Initial Mood Clause
  • The Content Clause
  • The Final Mood Clause

An Introduction To The Ancestral Content Clause

Each Ancestral content clause was predicated upon one main event and delineated with up to four distinct categories of supporting role. If present, these five strand elements were typically arranged in this order:

  • The Indirect Cause Role
  • The Direct Cause Role
  • The Main Event
  • The Direct Effect Role
  • The Indirect Effect Role

An Overview Of The Indirect Cause Role

If present, the indirect cause role expressed the indirect cause or source of an event and was nestled within the ki=ROLE=ki circumclitic indirect cause phrase marker.

Examples Of The Indirect Cause Role

An Example Of The Ablative Indirect Cause Role

ki=from the sea=ki ke=the woman=ke ka=walked=ka ku=up-river=ku.

An Example Of The Assistive Indirect Cause Role

ki=Her dog=ki helped her find him.

An Example Of The Causative Indirect Cause Role

ki=she=ki made him laugh.

ki=woman=ki ka=dance=ka

“She danced.”

“She (inspired herself) to dance.”

An Example Of The Inspirative Indirect Cause Role

kiki ke=she=ke ka=dance=ka

“She danced.”

“(Something inspired) the woman to dance.”

An Example Of The Instructive Indirect Cause Role

ki=she=ki ’e=daughter ’a=teach-dance

“She taught her daughter to dance.”

An Example Of The Projective Indirect Cause Role

’i=fish ’a=show ’u=woman

“The fish showed (its image) to the woman.”

“The woman saw the fish.”

An Overview Of The Direct Cause Role

If present, the direct cause role expressed the direct cause or source of an event and was nestled within the ke=ROLE=ke circumclitic direct cause phrase marker.

Examples Of The Direct Cause Role

An Example Of The Agentive Direct Cause Role

She netted this fish this morning.

An Example Of The Causee Direct Cause Role

She made ke=the bonobo=ke laugh.

An Example Of The Instrumental Direct Cause Role

She’s gutting our fish ke=with her knife=ke.

An Example Of The Permittive Direct Cause Role

She let ke=the fish=ke escape.

An Overview Of The Main Event 

If present, the main event expressed the action or station of an event and was nestled within the ka=EVENT=ka circumclitic predicate phrase marker.

Examples Of The Main Event

An Example Of The Dynamic Main Event

She ka=’s pounding=ka taro.

An Example Of The Equative Main Event

ka=ka ko=She=ko ko=navigator=ko.

She’s a navigator.

An Example Of The Stative Main Event

ko=She=ko ka=’s drunk=ka.

She’s drunk.

An Overview Of The Direct Effect Role

If present, the direct effect role expressed the direct effect or result of an event and was nestled within the ko=ROLE=ko circumclitic direct effect phrase marker.

Examples Of The Direct Effect Role

An Example Of The Comparative Direct Effect Role

An Example Of The Equative Direct Effect Role

An Example Of The Patient Direct Effect Role

An Example Of The Presentative Direct Effect Role

An Example Of The Locative Direct Effect Role

An Example Of The Stative Direct Effect Role

An Overview Of The Indirect Effect Role

If present, the indirect effect argument expressed the indirect effect or result of an event and was nestled within the ku=ROLE=ku circumclitic indirect effect phrase marker.

Examples Of The Indirect Effect Role

An Example Of The Allative Indirect Effect Role

An Example Of The Comparative Indirect Effect Role

An Example Of The Benefactive Indirect Effect Role

An Example Of The Dative Indirect Effect Role

An Example Of The Equative Indirect Effect Role

An Example Of The Locative Indirect Effect Role

An Example Of The Malefactive Indirect Effect Role

She said it to spite him

An Example Of The Presentative Indirect Effect Role

An Example Of The Stative Indirect Effect Role

An Example Of The Terminative Indirect Effect Role

An Introduction To The Ancestral Mood Clause

The Ancestral language distinguished between three categories of mood clause:

  • The Basic Mood Clause
  • The Discursive Mood Clause
  • The Evidential Mood Clause

An Overview Of The Basic Mood Clause

  • The Irrealis Basic Mood Clause
  • The Interrogative Basic Mood Clause
  • The Imperative Basic Mood Clause
  • The Realis Basic Mood Clause
  • The Gnomic Basic Mood Clause

Examples Of The Ancestral Basic Mood Clause

An Example Of The Basic Irrealis Mood Clause

mimi

in a world

An Example Of The Basic Interrogative Mood Clause

meme

what are you doing?

An Example Of The Basic Imperative Mood Clause

mama

Stop that!

An Example Of The Basic Realis Mood Clause

momo

She’s down by the river.

An Example Of The Basic Gnomic Mood Clause

mumu

A bird’s gotta fly.

An Overview Of The Discursive Mood Clause

  • The Conjunctive Discursive Mood Clause
  • The Interjective Discursive Mood Clause
  • The Intensive Discursive Mood Clause
  • The Polaric Discursive Mood Clause
  • The Temporal Discursive Mood Clause

Examples Of The Ancestral Discursive Mood Clause

If Then

An Overview Of The Ancestral Evidential Mood Clause

  • Assumptive
  • Deliberative
  • Dubitative
  • Optative

Examples Of The Ancestral Evidential Mood Clause

I assume

I deduce

I doubt

I hope

I wish

She’s known as a good singer. (gnomic)

Comparanda

Topic-Comment
Austronesian Alignment
Chickasaw Grammatical Relations


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